Management And Leadership Development Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Management And Leadership Development - Essay Example Motivation is a crucial concern in modern organisation because it influences other fundamental issues such as the performance, creativity and problem solving (Salaman, Storey & Billsberry, 2005). Drive theory is an understanding of needs and motivation created by unfulfilled needs. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a motivational theory that suggests that the needs and motivation of people differ according to their needs. McClelland theory also classified needs into the need for achievement, affiliation and power. The company conducts opinion surveys to find how their staff feels about their job (Houldsworth & Jirasinghe 2006). Job satisfaction is measured using questionnaires or interviews administered to the staff in the organization. In BAT, leaders have maximized the opportunity to satisfy the needs of the workers. Managers share the concerns of researchers in order to create satisfaction of the employees in their daily tasks. Therefore, employee satisfaction in BAT is high t hereby contributing to the low employee turnover and the exceptional reputation of the organization. For this reason, lack of job satisfaction results in employees looking for jobs in other companies where there the salaries are better (Dychtwald & Morison 2006). BAT attempts to reduce staff turnover by offering their employees chances to develop and grow their careers by training. Employees are offered challenging and interesting position where they consider they are best apt to work in thus, employees are motivated. Transactional theories can also be applied to focus on the employee’s rewards and punishments in accordance to performance (Durai 2010). Management by objectives is practiced where performance of the employees is measures against the... This essay stresses that managers and leaders are required to create an environment in the workplace where employee’s satisfaction is achieved. Staff turnover is one issue which is directly related to job satisfaction. Job satisfaction is the extent to which employees enjoy their jobs and lack of it has been described as negatively affecting their job performance. Herzberg two factor theories suggest that motivation at work is affected by factors related to the job. This paper makes a conclusion that globalization and technology advances have a great influence in management and leadership development of any organization. Organization such as BAT implemented the new SAP HR system which has benefited it in many ways that includes the effective usability and empowerment of employees. The system allows future upgrades and additions. The main aim of the system was to harmonize the human resource process globally by automation of the Hr administrative process. It is true that managers’ positions are highly competitive due to a looming shortage predicted in the next few years. In BAT, training of future leaders is enhanced by the initiative program that involves graduates for two year. This is a strategy of developing leadership and managing the supply of future leaders in order to ensure that the right people in the organization who can deliver a change performance are available. BAT is a multinational organization and it is important for it to be able to have a vibrant human resource and a competent management team.

Hybrid cars effect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Hybrid cars effect - Essay Example Due to this consistent use of the fuel not only in cars but in factories and other production processes, the overall damaging effect of fuel was gradually increasing. (Calef and Goble) The invention of hybrid cars- cars which can run on two different sources of energy- provided one of the valid alternatives to overcome the issue of environmental damage and thus allow the society to move in a cleaner and healthier environment. The effect of hybrid cars therefore can be enormous on the environment as well as on the fuel efficiency of the cars. This will therefore invariably also allow developing sustainable businesses. It is also important to note that the hybrid cars are based on the complex technology and the overall energy resources required to manufacture such cars are relatively higher as compared to the manufacturing of traditional cars. This causal analysis paper will attempt to discuss the hybrid cars effect and how it may positively or negatively contribute towards the environ ment. Hybrid cars effect Fossil fuel includes the energy sources such as oil, coal as well as natural gas and much of dependence of America is on these traditional sources of fuel. The obvious costs of using this fuel in cars and other uses include the costs such as labor and extraction and other related costs which can be quantified. However, few of the costs are not really quantified and neither is paid by the firms or the consumers. Much of the costs are related with the environmental damage and its resulting impacts on the eco-system of the world, health of the individuals as well as the local environment which can be seriously damaged with the increasing use of the fossil fuel in different technologies such as cars.1 The use of traditional fuel by the regular cars is considered as damaging to the environment and therefore its consistent use can actually create significant costs for the society to clean the environment. (Carlsson and Johansson-Stenman). It has been suggested tha t world can save billions of dollars if it can help reduce the deaths caused due to the pollution. It has been estimated that the air pollution can shorten the life of an individual by approximately 9 months. 2This result therefore suggests that the use of traditional cars can create significant air pollution and resultantly contribute towards the health related problems. Hybrid cars can have relatively different effect on the environment and can actually reduce the damaging impact of the fuel on environment. The use of hybrid cars can also result into better fuel mileage as well as the better utilization of the alternative sources of energy which can be more efficient and effectives. Besides, hybrid cars can also affect the way cars are run because of the better environmental impact of their use. The use of hybrid cars can also result into the reduction in the use of gas during the drive especially for slow drivers. Since hybrid cars use an electric motor to support the traditional fuel supply as an alternative source of energy therefore slow drivers can actually shift to the use of electric motor during the drive and can therefore save significantly in terms of fuel and gasoline. (Demirdoven and Deutch). It is also important to understand the use of hybrid cars also provide an alternative for those consumers who are relatively more concerned about the environment. Increasingly, customers are becoming more and more concerned ab